- In computer security, mandatory access control (MAC) refers to a type of access control by which the operating system constrains the ability of a subject or initiator to access or generally perform some sort of operation on an object or target.
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Available only on Mac computers that have the Apple T2 Security Chip, Startup Security Utility offers three features to help secure your Mac against unauthorized access: Firmware password protection, Secure Boot, and External Boot.
To open Startup Security Utility:
- Turn on your Mac, then press and hold Command (⌘)-R immediately after you see the Apple logo. Your Mac starts up from macOS Recovery.
- When you see the macOS Utilities window, choose Utilities > Startup Security Utility from the menu bar.
- When you're asked to authenticate, click Enter macOS Password, then choose an administrator account and enter its password.
Firmware password protection
Use a firmware password to prevent anyone who doesn't have the password from starting up from a disk other than your designated startup disk. To set a firmware password, click Turn On Firmware Password, then follow the onscreen instructions. Learn more about firmware passwords.
You can also use External Boot to prevent even those who know the firmware password from starting up from external media.
Secure Boot
Use this feature to make sure that your Mac starts up only from a legitimate, trusted operating system. Learn more about Secure Boot.
External Boot
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Use this feature to control whether your Mac can start up from an external hard drive, thumb drive, or other external media. The default and most secure setting is ”Disallow booting from external media.” When this setting is selected, your Mac can't be made to start up from any external media:
- Startup Disk preferences displays a message that your security settings do not allow this Mac to use an external startup disk.
- Startup Manager allows you to select an external startup disk, but doing so causes your Mac to restart to a message that your security settings do not allow this Mac to use an external startup disk. You'll then have the option to restart from your current startup disk or select another startup disk.
Mac Security Software
To allow your Mac to use an external startup disk:
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- Open Startup Security Utility.
- Select ”Allow booting from external media.”
Your Mac doesn't support booting from network volumes, whether or not you allow booting from external media. - If you want to select an external startup disk before restarting your Mac, quit Startup Security Utility, then choose Apple menu > Startup Disk.